// Copyright (c) The cargo-guppy Contributors
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT OR Apache-2.0

//! Compare and diff summaries.
//!
//! A diff of two summaries is a list of changes between them.
//!
//! The main entry point is `SummaryDiff`, which can be created through the `diff` method on
//! summaries or through `SummaryDiff::new`.

pub use crate::report::SummaryReport;
use crate::{PackageInfo, PackageMap, PackageStatus, Summary, SummaryId, SummarySource};
use ahash::AHashMap;
use diffus::{edit, Diffable};
use semver::Version;
use serde::{ser::SerializeStruct, Serialize};
use std::{
    collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet},
    fmt, mem,
};

/// A diff of two package summaries.
///
/// This struct contains information on the packages that were changed, as well as those that were
/// not.
///
/// ## Human-readable reports
///
/// The [`report`](SummaryDiff::report) method can be used with `fmt::Display` to generate a
/// friendly, human-readable report.
///
/// ## Machine-readable serialization
///
/// A `SummaryDiff` can be serialized through `serde`. The output format is part of the API.
///
/// An example of TOML-serialized output:
///
/// ```toml
/// [[target-packages.changed]]
/// name = "dep"
/// version = "0.4.3"
/// crates-io = true
/// change = "added"
/// status = "direct"
/// features = ["std"]
///
/// [[target-packages.changed]]
/// name = "foo"
/// version = "1.2.3"
/// workspace-path = "foo"
/// change = "modified"
/// new-status = "initial"
/// added-features = ["feature2"]
/// removed-features = []
/// unchanged-features = ["default", "feature1"]
///
/// [[target-packages.unchanged]]
/// name = "no-changes"
/// version = "1.5.3"
/// crates-io = true
/// status = "transitive"
/// features = ["default"]
///
/// [[host-packages.changed]]
/// name = "dep"
/// version = "0.4.2"
/// crates-io = true
/// change = "removed"
/// old-status = "direct"
/// old-features = ["std"]
/// ```
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize)]
#[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
pub struct SummaryDiff<'a> {
    /// Diff of target packages.
    pub target_packages: PackageDiff<'a>,

    /// Diff of host packages.
    pub host_packages: PackageDiff<'a>,
}

impl<'a> SummaryDiff<'a> {
    /// Computes a diff between two summaries.
    pub fn new(old: &'a Summary, new: &'a Summary) -> Self {
        Self {
            target_packages: PackageDiff::new(&old.target_packages, &new.target_packages),
            host_packages: PackageDiff::new(&old.host_packages, &new.host_packages),
        }
    }

    /// Returns true if there are any changes in this diff.
    pub fn is_changed(&self) -> bool {
        !self.is_unchanged()
    }

    /// Returns true if there are no changes in this diff.
    pub fn is_unchanged(&self) -> bool {
        self.target_packages.is_unchanged() && self.host_packages.is_unchanged()
    }

    /// Returns a report for this diff.
    ///
    /// This report can be used with `fmt::Display`.
    pub fn report<'b>(&'b self) -> SummaryReport<'a, 'b> {
        SummaryReport::new(self)
    }
}

/// Type alias for list entries in the `PackageDiff::unchanged` map.
pub type UnchangedInfo<'a> = (&'a Version, &'a SummarySource, &'a PackageInfo);

/// A diff from a particular section of a summary.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct PackageDiff<'a> {
    /// Changed packages.
    pub changed: BTreeMap<&'a SummaryId, SummaryDiffStatus<'a>>,

    /// Unchanged packages, keyed by name.
    pub unchanged: BTreeMap<&'a str, Vec<UnchangedInfo<'a>>>,
}

impl<'a> PackageDiff<'a> {
    /// Constructs a new `PackageDiff` from a pair of `PackageMap` instances.
    pub fn new(old: &'a PackageMap, new: &'a PackageMap) -> Self {
        let mut changed = BTreeMap::new();
        let mut unchanged = BTreeMap::new();

        let mut add_unchanged = |summary_id: &'a SummaryId, info: &'a PackageInfo| {
            unchanged
                .entry(summary_id.name.as_str())
                .or_insert_with(Vec::new)
                .push((&summary_id.version, &summary_id.source, info));
        };

        match (*old).diff(new) {
            edit::Edit::Copy(_) => {
                // Add all elements to unchanged.
                for (summary_id, info) in new {
                    add_unchanged(summary_id, info);
                }
            }
            edit::Edit::Change(diff) => {
                for (summary_id, diff) in diff {
                    match diff {
                        edit::map::Edit::Copy(info) => {
                            // No changes.
                            add_unchanged(summary_id, info);
                        }
                        edit::map::Edit::Insert(info) => {
                            // New package.
                            let status = SummaryDiffStatus::Added { info };
                            changed.insert(summary_id, status);
                        }
                        edit::map::Edit::Remove(old_info) => {
                            // Removed package.
                            let status = SummaryDiffStatus::Removed { old_info };
                            changed.insert(summary_id, status);
                        }
                        edit::map::Edit::Change((old_info, new_info)) => {
                            // The feature set or status changed.
                            let status =
                                SummaryDiffStatus::make_changed(None, None, old_info, new_info);
                            changed.insert(summary_id, status);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // Combine lone inserts and removes into changes.
        Self::combine_insert_remove(&mut changed);

        Self { changed, unchanged }
    }

    /// Returns true if there are no changes in this diff.
    pub fn is_unchanged(&self) -> bool {
        self.changed.is_empty()
    }

    // ---
    // Helper methods
    // ---

    fn combine_insert_remove(changed: &mut BTreeMap<&'a SummaryId, SummaryDiffStatus<'a>>) {
        let mut combine_statuses: AHashMap<&str, CombineStatus<'_>> =
            AHashMap::with_capacity(changed.len());

        for (summary_id, status) in &*changed {
            let entry = combine_statuses
                .entry(summary_id.name.as_str())
                .or_insert_with(|| CombineStatus::None);
            match status {
                SummaryDiffStatus::Added { .. } => entry.record_added(summary_id),
                SummaryDiffStatus::Removed { .. } => entry.record_removed(summary_id),
                SummaryDiffStatus::Modified { .. } => entry.record_changed(),
            }
        }

        for status in combine_statuses.values() {
            if let CombineStatus::Combine { added, removed } = status {
                let removed_status = changed
                    .remove(removed)
                    .expect("removed ID should be present");

                let old_info = match removed_status {
                    SummaryDiffStatus::Removed { old_info } => old_info,
                    other => panic!("expected Removed, found {:?}", other),
                };

                let added_status = changed.get_mut(added).expect("added ID should be present");
                let new_info = match &*added_status {
                    SummaryDiffStatus::Added { info } => *info,
                    other => panic!("expected Added, found {:?}", other),
                };

                let old_version = if added.version != removed.version {
                    Some(&removed.version)
                } else {
                    None
                };
                let old_source = if added.source != removed.source {
                    Some(&removed.source)
                } else {
                    None
                };

                // Don't need the old value of added_status any more since we've already extracted the value out of it.
                let _ = mem::replace(
                    added_status,
                    SummaryDiffStatus::make_changed(old_version, old_source, old_info, new_info),
                );
            }
        }
    }
}

pub(crate) fn changed_sort_key<'a>(
    summary_id: &'a SummaryId,
    status: &SummaryDiffStatus<'_>,
) -> impl Ord + 'a {
    // The sort order is:
    // * diff tag (added/modified/removed)
    // * package status
    // * summary id
    // TODO: allow customizing sort order?
    (status.tag(), status.latest_status(), summary_id)
}

impl<'a> Serialize for PackageDiff<'a> {
    fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
    where
        S: serde::Serializer,
    {
        #[derive(Serialize)]
        struct Changed<'a> {
            // Flatten both fields so that all the details show up in a single map. (This is
            // required for TOML.)
            #[serde(flatten)]
            package: &'a SummaryId,
            #[serde(flatten)]
            changes: &'a SummaryDiffStatus<'a>,
        }

        let mut changed: Vec<Changed> = self
            .changed
            .iter()
            .map(|(package, changes)| Changed { package, changes })
            .collect();
        // The sorting ensures the order added -> modified -> removed.
        changed.sort_by_key(|item| changed_sort_key(item.package, item.changes));

        let mut state = serializer.serialize_struct("PackageDiff", 2)?;
        state.serialize_field("changed", &changed)?;

        #[derive(Serialize)]
        struct Unchanged<'a> {
            // This matches the SummaryId format.
            name: &'a str,
            version: &'a Version,
            #[serde(flatten)]
            source: &'a SummarySource,
            #[serde(flatten)]
            info: &'a PackageInfo,
        }

        // Trying to print out an empty unchanged can cause a ValueAfterTable issue with the TOML
        // output.
        if !self.unchanged.is_empty() {
            let mut unchanged: Vec<_> = self
                .unchanged
                .iter()
                .flat_map(|(&name, info)| {
                    info.iter().map(move |(version, source, info)| Unchanged {
                        name,
                        version,
                        source,
                        info,
                    })
                })
                .collect();
            // Sort by (name, version, source).
            unchanged.sort_by_key(|item| (item.name, item.version, item.source));
            state.serialize_field("unchanged", &unchanged)?;
        }

        state.end()
    }
}

/// The diff status for a particular summary ID and source.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize)]
#[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case", tag = "change")]
pub enum SummaryDiffStatus<'a> {
    /// This package was added.
    #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
    Added {
        /// The information for this package.
        #[serde(flatten)]
        info: &'a PackageInfo,
    },

    /// This package was removed.
    #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
    Removed {
        /// The information this package used to have.
        #[serde(flatten, with = "removed_impl")]
        old_info: &'a PackageInfo,
    },

    /// Some details about the package changed:
    /// * a feature was added or removed
    /// * the version or source changed.
    #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
    Modified {
        /// The old version of this package, if the version changed.
        old_version: Option<&'a Version>,

        /// The old source of this package, if the source changed.
        old_source: Option<&'a SummarySource>,

        /// The old status of this package, if the status changed.
        old_status: Option<PackageStatus>,

        /// The current status of this package.
        new_status: PackageStatus,

        /// The set of features added to the package.
        added_features: BTreeSet<&'a str>,

        /// The set of features removed from the package.
        removed_features: BTreeSet<&'a str>,

        /// The set of features which were enabled both in both the old and new summaries.
        unchanged_features: BTreeSet<&'a str>,

        /// The set of optional dependencies added to the package.
        #[serde(default)]
        added_optional_deps: BTreeSet<&'a str>,

        /// The set of optional dependencies removed from the package.
        #[serde(default)]
        removed_optional_deps: BTreeSet<&'a str>,

        /// The set of optional dependencies enabled both in both the old and new summaries.
        #[serde(default)]
        unchanged_optional_deps: BTreeSet<&'a str>,
    },
}

impl<'a> SummaryDiffStatus<'a> {
    fn make_changed(
        old_version: Option<&'a Version>,
        old_source: Option<&'a SummarySource>,
        old_info: &'a PackageInfo,
        new_info: &'a PackageInfo,
    ) -> Self {
        let old_status = if old_info.status != new_info.status {
            Some(old_info.status)
        } else {
            None
        };

        let [added_features, removed_features, unchanged_features] =
            Self::make_changed_diff(&old_info.features, &new_info.features);

        let [added_optional_deps, removed_optional_deps, unchanged_optional_deps] =
            Self::make_changed_diff(&old_info.optional_deps, &new_info.optional_deps);

        SummaryDiffStatus::Modified {
            old_version,
            old_source,
            old_status,
            new_status: new_info.status,
            added_features,
            removed_features,
            unchanged_features,
            added_optional_deps,
            removed_optional_deps,
            unchanged_optional_deps,
        }
    }

    fn make_changed_diff(
        old_features: &'a BTreeSet<String>,
        new_features: &'a BTreeSet<String>,
    ) -> [BTreeSet<&'a str>; 3] {
        let mut added_features = BTreeSet::new();
        let mut removed_features = BTreeSet::new();
        let mut unchanged_features = BTreeSet::new();

        match old_features.diff(new_features) {
            edit::Edit::Copy(features) => {
                unchanged_features.extend(features.iter().map(|feature| feature.as_str()));
            }
            edit::Edit::Change(diff) => {
                for (_, diff) in diff {
                    match diff {
                        edit::set::Edit::Copy(feature) => {
                            unchanged_features.insert(feature.as_str());
                        }
                        edit::set::Edit::Insert(feature) => {
                            added_features.insert(feature.as_str());
                        }
                        edit::set::Edit::Remove(feature) => {
                            removed_features.insert(feature.as_str());
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        [added_features, removed_features, unchanged_features]
    }

    /// Returns the tag for this status.
    ///
    /// The tag is similar to this enum, except it has no associated data.
    pub fn tag(&self) -> SummaryDiffTag {
        match self {
            SummaryDiffStatus::Added { .. } => SummaryDiffTag::Added,
            SummaryDiffStatus::Removed { .. } => SummaryDiffTag::Removed,
            SummaryDiffStatus::Modified { .. } => SummaryDiffTag::Modified,
        }
    }

    /// Returns the new package status if available, otherwise the old status.
    pub fn latest_status(&self) -> PackageStatus {
        match self {
            SummaryDiffStatus::Added { info } => info.status,
            SummaryDiffStatus::Removed { old_info } => old_info.status,
            SummaryDiffStatus::Modified { new_status, .. } => *new_status,
        }
    }
}

mod removed_impl {
    use super::*;
    use serde::Serializer;

    pub fn serialize<S>(item: &PackageInfo, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
    where
        S: Serializer,
    {
        #[derive(Serialize)]
        #[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
        struct OldPackageInfo<'a> {
            old_status: &'a PackageStatus,
            old_features: &'a BTreeSet<String>,
        }

        let old_info = OldPackageInfo {
            old_status: &item.status,
            old_features: &item.features,
        };

        old_info.serialize(serializer)
    }
}

/// A tag representing `SummaryDiffStatus` except with no data attached.
///
/// The order is significant: it is what's used as the default order in reports.
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
pub enum SummaryDiffTag {
    /// This package was added.
    Added,

    /// This package was modified.
    Modified,

    /// This package was removed.
    Removed,
}

impl fmt::Display for SummaryDiffTag {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        match self {
            SummaryDiffTag::Added => write!(f, "A"),
            SummaryDiffTag::Modified => write!(f, "M"),
            SummaryDiffTag::Removed => write!(f, "R"),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a> Diffable<'a> for PackageInfo {
    type Diff = (&'a PackageInfo, &'a PackageInfo);

    fn diff(&'a self, other: &'a Self) -> edit::Edit<'a, Self> {
        if self == other {
            edit::Edit::Copy(self)
        } else {
            edit::Edit::Change((self, other))
        }
    }
}

impl<'a> Diffable<'a> for PackageStatus {
    type Diff = (&'a PackageStatus, &'a PackageStatus);

    fn diff(&'a self, other: &'a Self) -> edit::Edit<'a, Self> {
        if self == other {
            edit::Edit::Copy(self)
        } else {
            edit::Edit::Change((self, other))
        }
    }
}

// Status tracker for combining inserts and removes.
enum CombineStatus<'a> {
    None,
    Added(&'a SummaryId),
    Removed(&'a SummaryId),
    Combine {
        added: &'a SummaryId,
        removed: &'a SummaryId,
    },
    Ignore,
}

impl<'a> CombineStatus<'a> {
    fn record_added(&mut self, summary_id: &'a SummaryId) {
        let new = match self {
            CombineStatus::None => CombineStatus::Added(summary_id),
            CombineStatus::Removed(removed) => CombineStatus::Combine {
                added: summary_id,
                removed,
            },
            _ => CombineStatus::Ignore,
        };

        let _ = mem::replace(self, new);
    }

    fn record_removed(&mut self, summary_id: &'a SummaryId) {
        let new = match self {
            CombineStatus::None => CombineStatus::Removed(summary_id),
            CombineStatus::Added(added) => CombineStatus::Combine {
                added,
                removed: summary_id,
            },
            _ => CombineStatus::Ignore,
        };

        let _ = mem::replace(self, new);
    }

    fn record_changed(&mut self) {
        // If this package name appears in the changed list at all, don't combine its
        // features.
        let _ = mem::replace(self, CombineStatus::Ignore);
    }
}